Domain Structure

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Internet Service providers aka ISP is a company that provides the internet access. You will need to pay monthly for a broadband connection to the internet, without this service, most businesses and individuals would not be able to use the internet. Services are also provided such as emailing etc. How it works:  your modern home connects to one of their services then this will send and receive internet traffic for you.  You get different spends of ISP connections; the lowest is 2mb/s to super-fast 50+ Mb/s.   The allowance on the data is all based around a monthly allowance included on the ISP contract. The cheaper the deal the lower the data allowance e.g. 5GB a month etc. and the more the data allowance the more expensive.
An Example of ISP companies would be, Sky, BT, and Virgin etc.
Web Hosting Services means storing your web site on a public server. Web hosting normally includes email services, it often includes domain name registration.. It allows your website to be assessable on the Internet 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. The website itself is being hosted on a web server. The web server offers uninterrupted Internet connectivity, a certain set of software packages, which offer additional services such as e-mail, ftp, databases, as well as an environment for utilizing different programming languages such as: perl, php, java, xhtml, html and others. 

A domain structure is a group of computers that share a common director database and maintain its own security and accounts. All logins for local accounts are done within the domain, and it has its own file and application servers for locally logged on users.  For example you can use  domain  to create privacy. Each domain has its own security policies and trust relationships with other domains. 
Domain Name is a unique address that can be used on the Internet. It’s what you see in the address bar after the “www.” in your web browser and it is also what comes after the @ sign in an email address.  To Choose a domain name is important so make pick a name related to what your website will be about e.g., something that contains your company name or type of business.  Keep it short and simple, the shorter domain names are easier to remember.  The extension of a website is important when it comes to your domain name. The goal of having a great domain name is to let it stick in people's minds. The “.com” extension is well-recognised and credible. Avoid hyphens, punctuation and numbers as it make it hard to remember. Finally choose a domain name that is sufficiently unique to make sure that people are unlikely to mistype your website address and end up on a competitor’s site instead. Some businesses even register domains which are misspelt. For example, if you type amazonn.com by accident you will still be taken to amazon.com since the company has registered both domain names.

The internet is a computer network that connects computers worldwide, the network sends and receives messages using IP. The internet is very fast and it can be used for many thing like email, chat, news, and for the world wide web etc.   WWW is the most used service on the internet as it contain websites, web pages, blogs etc .Every computer that is connected to the largest IP network on the planet and all the many things you can do there.  For example when you use Skype via a phone, you are using the Internet. You are not using the world wide web. If you play an Online Game, you are using the Internet, not the world wide web.

The World Wide Web aka "Web" for short, . The Web is viewed by using free software called web browsers. Born in 1989, the Web is based on hypertext transfer protocol, the language which allows us to "jump" (hyperlink) to any other public web page. There are over 40 billion public web pages on the Web today. The world wide web is the collection of web pages you can browse with any web browser. Typically in html or asp format. The world wide web is a part of the Internet, the Internet is not a part of the world wide web. When you are using the world wide web you are always using the Internet. When you are using the Internet you may not be using the world wide web. For example  on  Outlook Express, you are not using the world wide web when you check your email. If you use yahoo email you are, When you ftp a file using a command prompt or an ftp client, you are not using the world wide web. You are using the Internet.

Hardware Components
The Router is a crucial role of as its our way of communicating and computing,  it’s like the messenger In some ways for LAN, it’s a device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect, and are the critical device that keeps data flowing between networks and keeps the networks connected to the Internet. You need a router  if you want to set-up a LAN (local Area Network) or WLAN (wireless LAN) and connect all computers to the Internet without having to pay a full broadband subscription service to their ISP for each computer on the network. 

A web server is a computer that stores websites on the Internet and delivers web pages to viewers upon request. This service is referred to as web hosting. Every web server has a unique address, called an Internet Protocol address, that tells other computers connected to the Internet where to find the server on the vast network.  Web hosts rent out space on their web servers for people or businesses to set up their own websites, and the web server allocates a unique website address to each website it hosts.

Proxy servers are used mostly by networks in organizations and companies. Typically, people connecting to the Internet from home will not use a proxy server. A proxy server is computer that functions between a web browser (such as Internet Explorer) and the Internet. Proxy servers help improve web performance by keeping a history of more popular used webpages. When a browser requests a webpage stored in the proxy server's collection (its cache), it is provided by the proxy server, which is faster than going to the web. Proxy servers also help improve security by filtering out some web content and malicious software.

A mail server is a remote or central computer that holds e-mail messages for clients on a network. When the user requests his or her e-mail they contact the mail server, which delivers to the client computer all mail being stored. 
A browser software is A program that allows us to explore the Internet in an easy to use way.  e.g. Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, and Opera.

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